Integrating anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability (ACTA) into health system strengthening is crucial, and such efforts should be recognised in the UN’s Universal Health Coverage (UHC) resolution. The WHO reports that corruption accounts for 7.3% of global health expenditure, or about US$ 455 billion, which is more than the estimated cost to achieve UHC. Corruption disproportionately harms the health of the disadvantaged, increases mortality rates, hampers HIV/AIDS care, disrupts medical supply chains, and erodes trust in health systems, emphasising the need for effective anti-corruption strategies.
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Tackling corruption to move towards universal health coverage and health security
World Health Organization, Technical Brief, September 2023