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The "green land rush" amid climate change and population growth, required for global climate pledges, poses corruption risks such as political interference, bribery, and fraud, especially impacting marginalized groups. Concerns include exacerbating inequalities for rural communities and Indigenous Peoples.

Uganda’s rich biodiversity is threatened by the illegal wildlife trade. But efforts to tackle the trade are undermined by corruption. Sustained community engagement could make a difference.

TNRC Introductory overview. Due to corruption, law enforcement-based approaches to conservation and natural resource management can have unpredictable or unintended consequences, eg biased enforcement of laws.

Understanding social norms, values, and informality are important for anti-corruption, conservation, and natural resource management programmes.

Community-based conservation efforts can benefit from examining what constitutes a ‘community’ in a given setting, consider existing land uses, informal institutions, and subgroups of interest, and strengthened benefit-sharing arrangements.

In Madagascar, high-level corruption can undermine local efforts to save the island’s threatened ecosystems. Communities need better participation and improved trust in conservation organisations.